retracted article: evaluating the density of toxic elements in the respiratory organs of rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis l.) herbal medicine grown in the isfahan and shahr-e-kurd regions

background the amount of effective ingredient production in plants is influenced by various climatic and environmental factors such as quality of water resources, soil quality, air quality, and the level of environmental pollutants. objectives in this research, we seek to study and analyze the qualitative effects of heavy metals on the respiratory organ of rosemary. further, we will compare the results to the permitted levels in various ecological regions. materials and methods rosemary leaves were collected from four regions: isfahan, foulad shahr, zoub ahan, and shahr-e-kurd. samples were placed in an atomic absorption device, after they had been dried, in order to measure the density of lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, zinc, and sulfur. results a significant difference, as much as p < 0.01, was observed between the levels of sulfur, cadmium, lead, mercury, arsenic, and zinc in various regions. the densities of lead, arsenic, mercury, and cadmium in the respiratory organs of rosemary were much less than the permitted level. although the density of cadmium in the region of foulad shahr was close to the critical level (due to the presence of the isfahan steel company), the main problem was with the elements of zinc and sulfur. the densities of zinc in shahr-e-kurd, zoub ahan, and isfahan were far more than the permitted levels. the densities of sulfur in zoub ahan, foulad shahr, and isfahan were far more than the permitted level, while this density was quite within the permitted range in shahr-e-kurd, which is noteworthy. conclusions planting rosemary in polluted areas to clean the air and using this plant in clan areas for medical products seems quite appropriate.